First responders are often hailed as heroes, people who put their lives on the line every day to protect and serve their communities. However, behind the sirens and the courage, there is an undeniable, silent epidemic: the link between mental health struggles and substance use. The very nature of their work—responding to life-threatening situations, witnessing tragedy, and managing high-stress emergencies—creates an environment where mental health challenges are common. Unfortunately, many first responders turn to substances as a way to cope, often unknowingly feeding into a dangerous cycle that can impact their lives and careers.
The Coping Mechanism: Substances and Mental Health
Substance use, whether it’s alcohol, marijuana, or other drugs, is frequently used as a coping mechanism to manage the overwhelming stress and trauma that first responders face daily. These substances may offer a temporary sense of relief, dulling the emotional pain of a difficult call or a sleepless night, but this relief is fleeting and comes with significant risks.
Alcohol, in particular, is commonly used as a way to unwind after a shift. However, the impact of alcohol on sleep and stress hormones cannot be ignored. While alcohol might help someone fall asleep faster, it actually disrupts the quality of sleep, preventing the body from entering restorative deep sleep. This sleep disturbance can worsen mental health conditions like anxiety and depression, both of which are prevalent among first responders. The regular use of alcohol also interferes with the body’s stress response system, exacerbating feelings of stress and making it harder to cope with daily challenges.
Marijuana, which has been legalized both medicinally and recreationally in Maine, is often viewed as a less harmful alternative. However, it comes with its own set of risks. While marijuana may seem to offer stress relief, it does not actually reduce stress in the long term. In fact, using marijuana can worsen anxiety and emotional dysregulation over time, making it more difficult to process emotions effectively. Moreover, marijuana can impair cognitive functions such as judgment and reaction time, which is especially dangerous for first responders who need to be sharp and clear-headed when making life-saving decisions, particularly when driving emergency vehicles.
When Does Substance Use Become a Problem?
It’s important to recognize when substance use has crossed the line from a temporary coping mechanism to a problem. Signs that substance use is becoming a problem include:
- Increased tolerance – needing more of the substance to achieve the same effect.
- Mood swings or emotional numbness that lasts long after using the substance.
- Physical symptoms such as hangovers, poor sleep, or gastrointestinal issues.
- Negative impact on work – including missing shifts, declining performance, or unsafe practices.
- Relationship issues – conflicts with family, friends, or colleagues.
- Using substances to cope with stress, anxiety, or trauma, rather than addressing the root cause.
If you notice any of these signs in yourself or a colleague, it’s time to seek help.
Stories of Recovery: A Path Forward
Recovery from substance use is not only possible but can be transformative. Many first responders have shared their stories of overcoming substance dependence and turning their lives around. Rehab programs and support groups, such as Alcoholics Anonymous (AA) and Narcotics Anonymous (NA), provide a crucial support network. These programs offer not only sobriety tools but a community of individuals who understand the unique challenges of first responders.
For me, my own journey to sobriety has been both liberating and life-changing. On July 29, 2020, I made the decision to live a life free from mind-altering substances. Little did I know, this decision would not only change my health and my mindset but would also be the catalyst that led me to the career I have today in emergency medical services and fire fighting. Had I not chosen sobriety, I might have never answered the call to serve as a first responder. Sobriety connected me to my true calling, and since then, I’ve found that the alternative stress management techniques I use—like meditation, exercise, and connecting with others—allow me to process trauma in a way that substances never could.
Treatment Options: Finding Help
If you or someone you know is struggling with substance use, it’s important to know that there is help available. Treatment options for substance use disorders are varied and can be tailored to fit individual needs. Inpatient and outpatient rehabilitation programs provide structured environments to help individuals detox and learn new coping mechanisms. Support groups like AA, NA, and even specialized groups for first responders can provide a sense of community and understanding during the recovery process.
In addition, therapy options such as cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) and trauma-focused therapy can help address the underlying mental health issues that often contribute to substance use. These therapies work to reshape negative thought patterns and develop healthier coping mechanisms for dealing with stress and trauma.
The Importance of Sobriety
Living a life free of substances is not just about avoiding the negative impacts of alcohol and drugs. It’s about gaining clarity, strength, and resilience in the face of trauma. Sobriety has given me the tools to handle stress and trauma in healthier ways, without relying on substances to dull the pain. My ability to serve as a first responder has been strengthened because I can think clearly, react appropriately, and make decisions based on my training and experience—without the clouding effects of substances.
As first responders, we must advocate for better mental health services, not only for those we serve but for ourselves as well. It’s time to end the stigma surrounding mental health in our profession and embrace sobriety and recovery as pathways to healthier, longer careers and lives. If you are struggling with substance use, know that there is no shame in seeking help. Your health, both mental and physical, depends on it.
If you are in need of assistance or support, don’t hesitate to reach out to a trusted peer- such as myself, a professional, or a support group. Sobriety is possible, and it can lead to a brighter future, both for you and the community you serve.
Mind Over Mayday 
Leave a comment